Showing posts with label B.PHARMACY PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label B.PHARMACY PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS. Show all posts

Sunday, 23 October 2011

PHARMACEUTICS-X(BIO PHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACEUTICS) PY-702 I PY-702 SYLLABUS I BIO-PHARMACEUTICS SYLLABUS I RGTU B.PHARMACY 7TH SEM PY-702 SYLLABUS I BIO-PHARMACEUTICS PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS I PHARMACY 7TH SEM COMPLETE SYLLABUS I PHARMACY 7TH SEMESTER SYLLABUS I RGTU PHARMACY 7TH SEM SYLLABUS I PHARMACY PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS I PHARMACY 7TH SEM CURRENT SYLLABUS

PHARMACEUTICS-X(BIO PHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACEUTICS) PY-702
Introduction to biopharmaceutics & pharmacokinetics development and their role in drug formulation.
Bio pharmaceutics:
Definition,passage of drugs across biological barrier,Physio-chemical,Biological and Pharmaceutical factors influencing biopharmaceutical performance of drugs.
  • 1.Gastrointestinal absorption of drugs: Passage of drugs across biological membranes, nature of biological membranes, gastrointestinal absorption mechanisms.
  • 2. Factors affecting drug absorption : Physiological factors, dietary factors,physiochemical factors, pH partition hypothesis, dosage form factors.
  • 3. Methods of studying gastrointestinal absorption: In vitro and in vivo methods.
  • 4. Drug disposition: Distribution in blood, cellular distribution, plasma protein binding, tissue protein binding.Drug Excretion: Routes of drug excretion, renal excretion of drugs, factors affecting renal excretion, biliary and salivary excretion of drugs. Drug biotransformation: Pathways of drug metabolism, drug metabolizing enzymes, factors affecting drug metabolism and drug response, inhibition and stimulation of drug metabolism.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorbtion, distribution metabolism and excretion of drugs, fluid compartment and circulatory system, protein binding, significance of plasma drug concentration measurement.

Compartment Models
Model selection criteria,alaika information criterian,one – compartment and two compartment models,
Wagner- Nelson and loo Riegelman methods for estimation of absorption constants. Curve fittings,regression procedure and area under blood level curves.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics:
Urinary excretions, computation of pharmacokinetic parameters from urine data, haepetic clearance,biliary excretion,excretion ratio,dosage regimen adjustment in patients with and without renal failure,pharmacokinetic drug interaction and their significance in combination therapy.

Biovailability and Bioequivalance:
Biovailability and Bio-equivalance,Federal requirements,Methods of determination of bio- availability using blood level and urinary excretion data, design and evaluations, bioavailability assessment.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED : 
  • Gibaldi, M.and Perrier d, Pharmacokinetics, 4th edn. Pharma mid press, Hydrabad
  • Notari, R.E., Biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics-An Introduction, marcel Decker New York.
  • Jaiswal , Brahmankar Biopharmaquality and pharmacokinetics.
  • Leepeter I.D., Pharmacokinetic analysis
  • Niazi Textbook of Biopharmacokinetics and clinical pharmacokinetics.
  • Venkaateshwaru v , Biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics, phared puss, Hydrabad.
  • Wagner-pharmacokinetics for the pharmastudies.
  • Dhachinamoorthi D: Biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics : A practical mannd
  • Shargel : pharmacokinetics & Biopharmacokinetics & Biopharmaceutics
LIST OF PRACTICALS:
  • Determine the percentage protein binding of the given drug.
  • Determine oral bioavailability of the given drug/formulation by urinary excretion method using animal model.
  • Perform bioequivalence study of two different brands of the marketed tablets of the given drug using animal model.
  • Determine the rate of in-vitro absorption of the given drug using everted intestinal sack.
  • Determine the effect of different pH condition on solubility of a weekly acidic or basic drug and study PH partition hypothesis.
  • Establish IVIVC for the given sample of drug.
  • Calculate elimination rate constant and elimination half life of given excretion data by sigma minus method.
  • Calculate elimination rate constant and elimination half life of the given drug data administered by i.v. bolus injection represented by one compartment model.
  • Calculate various pharmacokinetic parameters from the given data generated after single extra vascular administration of drug represented by one compartment model.
  • Calculate various pharmacokinetic parameters from the given data obtained by using two compartment open model.
META TAGS:-RGTU B.PHARMACY 7TH SEMESTER PAPERS I B.PHARMACY 7TH SEM OLD PAPERS I B.PHARMACY LAST 5 YEAR PAPERS I BIO-PHARMACEUTICS SYLLABUS I PY-702 SYLLABUS I DOWNLOAD RGTU B.PHARMACY 7TH SEM SYLLABUS I RGTU PHARMACY 7TH SEM PHARMACEUTICS SYLLABUS I RGTU PHARMACY 7TH SEM SYLLABUS I RGTU PHARMACY 7TH SEM PAPERS I PHARMACY 7TH SEM PREVIOUS YEAR PAPERS I RGPV BHOPAL B.PHARMA SYLLABUS

Saturday, 14 May 2011

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (THEORY) SYLLABUS

META TAGS:-RGPV BHOPAL B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS I RGTU B. PHARMACY 4TH SEM SYLLABUS I RGPV B. PHARMACY SYLLABUS I RGPV PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS SYLLABUS I B.PHARMACY LIST OF PRACTICALS I PHARMACY BOOKS I B.PHARAMCY 4TH SEM REFERENCE BOOKS I RGPV B.PHARMACY 4TH SEM BOOKS I B.PHARAMCY 4TH SEM PRACTICAL LIST I PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS PRACTICAL LIST I PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS REFERENCE BOOKS I PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS COMPLETE SYLLABUS I B.PHARMACY 4TH SEM SYLLABUS I DOWNLOAD 4TH SEM B.PHARMACY SYLLABUS I RGTU B.PHARMACY 4TH SEM SYLLABUS I RGTU PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS SYLLABUS
PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (THEORY)PY 403
UNIT-I
Fundamentals:Significance of quantitative analysis in quality control,Different techniques of analysis. heoretical considerations and pharmaceutical applications; with special reference toIndian pharmacopoeia; of the following analytical techniques -
Acid-Base titrations: Theoretical principles. Classification, Direct titration of strong acids, Strong bases, and weak bases, Back titrations, Acid –Base indicators, Choice of indicators and mixed indicators. Methods for determination of organically combined Nitrogen and in pharmaceutical applications. 
Oxidation-Reduction titrations:Concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions,
strengths & equivalent weighs of oxidizing and reducing agents, redox indicators, potassium permanganate titrations, iodometry & iodometry, 9£dcammonium sulphate titrations, potassium iodate titrations. Pharmaceutical applications, preparation and standardization of redox titrants e.g. sodium thiosulphate etc.
Precipitation titrations:Detection of End Points in Precipitation reactions.Indicators used in Precipitation titrations,Preparation & standardization of titrants like silver nitrate, ammonium thiocyanate; titrations according to Mohr's and Volhard's methods;ammonium and potassium thiocyanate titrations; indicators; applications in pharmaceutical analysis.

UNIT-II  
Gravimetric analysis:Fundamentals of gravimetry, Precipitation reagents precipitation techniques, Specific examples of gravimetric estimation like Aluminum as hydroxy quinolate, Barium on Barium Sulfate, Lead as Chromate and Magnesium as Magnesium Pyrophosphate.

UNIT-III  
Non-aqueous titrations:Scopes and limitations,Solvents used in non aqueous titrations. Acid-base equilibria in non-aqueous media, Titration of weak acids and weak bases with specific examples given in Indian Pharmacopoeia.
Complexometric titrations:Theory of Complexometric analysis. Factor in influencing stability of complexes. pM indicators. Types of Disodium edetate titrations with suitable examples. 

UNIT-III 
Conductometry:Ohm’s law and ionic conductivities, Apparatus used for conductimetric titrations.Application of conductimetry in acid-base,Precipitation and complexome trictitrations with suitable examples. 

UNIT-IV
Potentiometry:Theory and principles, Reference electrodes, Indicators electrodes and Ion
selective electrodes. Instrumentation for potentiometric titrations.Application of potentiometry for end point determination in acid-base titration, redox titrations,precipitation titrations with suitable examples 

UNIT-V
Polarography & Amperometry: Introduction,theoretical principles,organic polarography, dropping mercury electrode, basic principles of polarographic instruments, methods ofanalysis, experiments including amperometric titrations. Miscellaneous methods of analysis like diazotization titrations and Karl-fisher titrations.

LIST OF PRACTICALS:

A total of 15 experiments should be performed on the topics mentioned below
  • Acid base titrations: Preparation and standardization of acids and bases, some exercises related to the determination of acids and bases separately and in mixture form. Some official assay procedures of boric acid, ascorbic acid shall also be covered.
  • Oxidation-reduction titration: Preparation and standardization of some redox titrants, e.g., potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate, iodine, sodium thiosulphate etc. Some exercises related to the determination of oxidizing and reducing agents in the sample shall be covered. Exercises involving use of potassium iodate, potassium bromate, ceric ammonium sulphate shall be performed.
  • Precipitation titrations: Preparation and standardization of titrants like silver nitrate and ammonium thiocyanate, titrations according to Mohr's and Volhard's methods.
  • Gravimetric analysis: Determination of water of hydration, some exercises related to Gravimetric estimation of metal ions such as barium, magnesium and calcium shall he covered.
  • Diazotization reaction: Assay of sulphonamides.
  • Complexometric titration: Any two official assays done by this method.
  • Non-aqueous titrations: preparation and standardization of some non aqueous titrants,e.g., Perchloric acid, tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide. Any two official assay given in Pharmacopoeia of India.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
  • A.H. Beckett and J.B. Stenlake: Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vol I and II, CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, India
  • H. H. Willard, L. L. Merritt and J. A. Dean: Instrumental Methods of Analysis, Van Nostrand Reinbold, New York.
  • L.M. Atherden: Bentley and Driver's Text book of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Oxford UniversityPress, Delhi.
  • G.L. Jenldns, J.E. Christian, G.P. Hager: Quantitative Pharmaceutical Chemistry, McGrawHill, Company, New York.
  • Pharmacopoeia of India, Govt. of India, Ministry of Health, Delhi.
  • Bassett, R.C. Denney, G.H. Jeffery, J. Mendham: Vogel's Textbook of quantitative Inorganic Analysis, The ELBS and Longman, London.