BOTANY ( CODE NO. 04 )
Origin and Evolution of Life- Basic ideas about the origin of Earth.Origin of life, chemical and biological evolution, geological time scale and types of fossils.
Cell Biology
- Cell, structure and functions of cell organelles,chromosomes:Structure and types. Mitosis and meiosis.
Genetics
- Concept of gene, DNA, RNA, laws of inheritance.Cytoplasmic inheritance, mutation and polyploidy. Plant breeding.
Plant Diversity
- A general account of structure and reproduction of virus,bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, lichens, bryophytes,pteridophytes and gymnosperms.Concept of alternation of generations.
Angiosperms
- Morphology, anatomy, types of tissues and their functions.Modifications of root, stem and leaf. Reproduction : Pollination,fertilization and development of seed.
Taxonomy
- Principles of nomenclature, classification and identification of plants. Salient features and importance of following families :Malvaceae, Fabaceae, (Leguminosae), Solanaaceae, Lamiaceae,Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae.
Plant physiology
- Water relations of plant, mineral nutrition, enzymes,photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, respiration, growth,hormones, physiology of flowering, seed germination.
Plant pathology
- A general account of important diseases of crop plants of India and their control.
Plants and human welfare
- Role of plants in human life. Plants yielding food, fibers, wood and medicines.
Plants and environment
- Ecosystem, ecological adaptations, natural resources and pollution, Global warming, acid rains and ozone layer depletion.
Biotechnology
- Recombinant D.N.A. technique, tissue culture, biofertilizers,Application of biotechnology in agriculture, horticulture,medicine and industry.
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